pnd

0.1.3

Parallel Numerical Derivatives, Gradients, Jacobians, and Hessians of Arbitrary Accuracy Order

0packages depend

6.9Kdownloads / year

91.8%test coverage

13/13checks pass

Overview

About

Maintained by Andreï Victorovitch KostyrkaFirst published 2025-02-259 releasesCRAN page ↗GitHub ↗

Numerical derivatives through finite-difference approximations can be calculated using the 'pnd' package with parallel capabilities and optimal step-size selection to improve accuracy. These functions facilitate efficient computation of derivatives, gradients, Jacobians, and Hessians, allowing for more evaluations to reduce the mathematical and machine errors. Designed for compatibility with the 'numDeriv' package, which has not received updates in several years, it introduces advanced features such as computing derivatives of arbitrary order, improving the accuracy of Hessian approximations by avoiding repeated differencing, and parallelising slow functions on Windows, Mac, and Linux.

Install

R (CRAN)pak (dev)Ubuntu (r2u)Fedora (COPR)openSUSE (OBS)

install.packages("pnd", repos = "https://cloud.r-project.org/")

Installs the current CRAN release. Prebuilt binaries on Windows and macOS.

if (!requireNamespace("pak", quietly = TRUE))
  install.packages("pak", repos = "https://cloud.r-project.org/")
pak::pak("Fifis/pnd")

Development version from Fifis/pnd. Installs pak first if it is not already available.

Release

# enable cranapt (r2u) if it is not already set up, then install
grep -rqs r2u.stat.illinois.edu /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ \
  || curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eddelbuettel/r2u/master/inst/scripts/add_cranapt_noble.sh | sudo bash
sudo apt install -y r-cran-pnd

Fast Ubuntu binaries via r2u (no compilation). The cranapt setup runs once and is skipped when it is already enabled.

bspm (used by r2u) also needs make: sudo apt install make

# enable the iucar/cran COPR if it is not already present, then install
ls /etc/yum.repos.d/*iucar*cran*.repo >/dev/null 2>&1 \
  || sudo dnf copr enable -y iucar/cran
sudo dnf install -y R-CRAN-pnd

RPMs from the iucar/cran COPR, rebuilt from CRAN.

For install.packages() integration in R, also: sudo dnf install R-CoprManager

# add the autoCRAN OBS repo (Tumbleweed) if it is missing, then install
zypper -q lr | grep -qi autoCRAN \
  || sudo zypper addrepo https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/languages:/R:/autoCRAN/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/devel:languages:R:autoCRAN.repo
sudo zypper install -y R-pnd

RPMs auto-built from CRAN on openSUSE OBS (Tumbleweed).

Health

CRAN checks

13OK

Slowest check: 2.1 min · r-oldrel-windows-x86_64

Code health

Yes

Tests · ratio 0.24

91.8%

Coverage · measured lines

100%

Documentation · exports

Dependencies · direct

Check history

OK2026-03-10
14 OK · 0 NOTE · 0 WARNING · 0 ERROR · 0 FAILURE

Documentation

READMEYes · 669 wordsVignettesYes · dynamicpkgdown siteNoNEWSYes · 100% structuredCode of conductNoContributing guideNo

Examples that run: 100%
Documented parameters: 96%
Return-value docs: 100%
References docs: 38%

Downloads

6.9K

CRAN downloads in the past year

Rank #6,623 · ~19/day · ~575/mo

Releases R versions

Daily download trend is not available in this view yet.

30830 days

1.5K90 days

6.9K1 year

Compare downloads with other packages →

Also on119 r2u27 autocran

Repository

GitHub ↗ fifis/pnd

6Stars

1Forks

0Open issues

0Open PRs

3Releases

144Commits

2Contributors

finite-differencesnumerical-differentiationparallel-algorithmr-packagestep-size

License EUPL-1.2 · 144 commits · Last activity 2026-05-26

Stars over time

2025-05-21 · 62026-07-07 · 6

Repository practices

Upstream repositoryBeta

2 development-tooling and community-health practices detected across 2 families in the upstream repository

Checks run against github.com/fifis/pnd on 2026-07-19.

Continuous integration (1)

GitHub Actions

Lint, format, editor (1)

RStudio project

How this is detected·Detection ruleset v1 (2026-07-18)

Dependencies

Declared dependencies

5 external dependencies (excludes base and recommended)

Depends (1)

R >= 3.4.0

Imports (2)

parallelRdpack

LinkingTo (0)

none

Suggests (4)

numDeriv knitr rmarkdown testthat

Enhances (0)

none

Dependency license breakdown →

Reverse dependencies

0direct

0indirect

Nothing depends on this yet.

Code & Tests

Code Composition

R 5,024 (53%)Vignettes 2,202 (23%)Rd 2,181 (23%)

Code characteristics

Object systems

S37

Cyclomatic complexity: 7.0 median / 62 max
Test cases: 105 / 0.24 per code line

Test coverage

Line coverage

92%

Expression

92.6%

Tests / Examples

91.8% / 74% ex

Functions

47 23 exported

Complexity

13.4 avg / 62 max

Call network

47 nodes / 90 edges

Call graph

Open call graph →

Loading call graph…

Lowest coverage

47 functions

Function	Cyclo	Coverage
plot.gradstep	1	0%
.onAttach	8	59%
print.gradstep	6	67%
getValsM	2	75%
step.SW exp	55	80%
Grad exp	8	84%

People & History

People (1)

Maintainer (1)

Andreï Victorovitch Kostyrka

Author, Maintainer

Authors (1)

Andreï Victorovitch Kostyrka

Author, Maintainer

Listed in earlier versions (1)

Kostyrka

no longer listed · 0.0.6 to 0.1.3

Package Timeline

9 releases. Pick two to compare their code metrics. R releases are shown for context.

0.1.3Latest
2026-05-26 · current release · diff ↗
R
R 4.6.0 released · 2026-04-24
0.1.2
2026-02-12 · diff ↗
0.1.1
2025-09-04 · diff ↗
0.1.0
2025-05-20 · diff ↗
R
R 4.5.0 released · 2025-04-11
0.0.10
2025-04-02 · diff ↗
0.0.9
2025-03-12 · diff ↗
0.0.8
2025-03-06 · diff ↗
0.0.7
2025-03-02 · diff ↗
0.0.6
2025-02-25
R
R 4.4.0 released · 2024-04-24

Package metadata

First published: 2025-02-25
Total releases: 9 / 1 yrs
License: EUPL
Minimum R: ≥ 3.4.0
Download size: 471 KB
Installed size: not tracked yet
With dependencies: not tracked yet

Appears in task views

Numerical Mathematics

Report a problem with this page →