R Observatory: Metrics for cNORM version 3.6.2

Balamuta, James Joseph

doi:10.5281/zenodo.21843040

cNORM

3.6.2

Continuous Norming

0packages depend

9Kdownloads / year

40.1%test coverage

13/13checks pass

Overview

About

Maintained by Wolfgang LenhardFirst published 2018-11-1433 releasesCRAN page ↗GitHub ↗

Generates continuous test norms in psychometrics and biometrics, and analyzing model fit. The package offers both distribution-free modeling using Taylor polynomials and parametric modeling using the beta-binomial and the 'Sinh-Arcsinh' distribution. Originally developed for achievement tests, it is applicable to a wide range of mental, physical, or other test scores dependent on continuous or discrete explanatory variables. The package provides several advantages: It minimizes deviations from representativeness in subsamples, interpolates between discrete levels of explanatory variables, and significantly reduces the required sample size compared to conventional norming per age group. cNORM enables graphical and analytical evaluation of model fit, accommodates a wide range of scales including those with negative and descending values, and as well supports conventional norming. It generates norm tables including confidence intervals. Methods for addressing representativeness issues are available through Iterative Proportional Fitting. Based on Lenhard et al. (2016) doi:10.1177/1073191116656437, Lenhard et al. (2019) doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0222279, Lenhard and Lenhard (2021) doi:10.1177/0013164420928457 and Gary et al. (2023) doi:10.1007/s00181-023-02456-0.

Install

R (CRAN)pak (dev)Ubuntu (r2u)Fedora (COPR)openSUSE (OBS)

install.packages("cNORM", repos = "https://cloud.r-project.org/")

Installs the current CRAN release. Prebuilt binaries on Windows and macOS.

if (!requireNamespace("pak", quietly = TRUE))
  install.packages("pak", repos = "https://cloud.r-project.org/")
pak::pak("WLenhard/cNORM")

Development version from WLenhard/cNORM. Installs pak first if it is not already available.

Release

# enable cranapt (r2u) if it is not already set up, then install
grep -rqs r2u.stat.illinois.edu /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ \
  || curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eddelbuettel/r2u/master/inst/scripts/add_cranapt_noble.sh | sudo bash
sudo apt install -y r-cran-cnorm

Fast Ubuntu binaries via r2u (no compilation). The cranapt setup runs once and is skipped when it is already enabled.

bspm (used by r2u) also needs make: sudo apt install make

# enable the iucar/cran COPR if it is not already present, then install
ls /etc/yum.repos.d/*iucar*cran*.repo >/dev/null 2>&1 \
  || sudo dnf copr enable -y iucar/cran
sudo dnf install -y R-CRAN-cNORM

RPMs from the iucar/cran COPR, rebuilt from CRAN.

For install.packages() integration in R, also: sudo dnf install R-CoprManager

# add the autoCRAN OBS repo (Tumbleweed) if it is missing, then install
zypper -q lr | grep -qi autoCRAN \
  || sudo zypper addrepo https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/languages:/R:/autoCRAN/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/devel:languages:R:autoCRAN.repo
sudo zypper install -y R-cNORM

RPMs auto-built from CRAN on openSUSE OBS (Tumbleweed).

Health

CRAN checks

13OK

Slowest check: 6.1 min · r-oldrel-macos-x86_64

Code health

Yes

Tests · ratio 0.03

40.1%

Coverage · measured lines

100%

Documentation · exports

6

Dependencies · direct

Check history

OK2026-08-05
13 OK · 0 NOTE · 0 WARNING · 0 ERROR · 0 FAILURE
NOTE2026-08-01
12 OK · 1 NOTE · 0 WARNING · 0 ERROR · 0 FAILURE
OK2026-06-09
13 OK · 0 NOTE · 0 WARNING · 0 ERROR · 0 FAILURE
ERROR2026-06-08
12 OK · 0 NOTE · 0 WARNING · 1 ERROR · 0 FAILURE
OK2026-03-10
14 OK · 0 NOTE · 0 WARNING · 0 ERROR · 0 FAILURE

Documentation

READMEYes · 732 wordsVignettesYes · dynamicpkgdown siteNoNEWSYes · 100% structuredCode of conductNoContributing guideNo

Examples that run: 4%
Documented parameters: 98%
Return-value docs: 91%
References docs: 15%

Downloads

9K

CRAN downloads in the past year

Rank #3,658 · ~25/day · ~750/mo

Releases R versions

Daily download trend is not available in this view yet.

66930 days

2.7K90 days

9K1 year

Compare downloads with other packages →

Also on249 r2u8 autocran3.8K conda_forge74 c2d4u

Repository

GitHub ↗ wlenhard/cnorm

2Stars

2Forks

0Open issues

0Open PRs

30Releases

912Commits

4Contributors

percentilepsychometricsbiometricsnorm-scoresnormalization-techniquescontinuous-normingregression-based-normingnorm-tables

License AGPL-3.0 · 912 commits · Last activity 2026-07-24

Stars over time

2023-10-22 · 22026-07-07 · 2

Repository practices

Upstream repositoryBeta

4 development-tooling and community-health practices detected across 4 families in the upstream repository

Checks run against github.com/wlenhard/cnorm on 2026-08-03.

Continuous integration (1)

GitHub Actions

CRAN release process (1)

cran-comments.md

Lint, format, editor (1)

RStudio project

Governance and community (1)

Issue templates

How this is detected·Detection ruleset v1 (2026-07-18)

Dependencies

Declared dependencies

12 external dependencies (excludes base and recommended)

Depends (1)

R >= 4.0.0

Imports (6)

ggplot2 leapsgrDevicesparallelstatsutils

LinkingTo (0)

none

Suggests (11)

DT havenforeignknitr markdown numDeriv readxl rmarkdown shiny shinycssloaders testthat

Enhances (0)

none

Dependency license breakdown →

Reverse dependencies

0direct

0indirect

Nothing depends on this yet.

Code & Tests

Datasets

People & History

People (4)

Maintainer (1)

Wolfgang Lenhard

Maintainer, Author

Authors (3)

Wolfgang Lenhard

Maintainer, Author

Sebastian Gary

Author

Alexandra Lenhard

Author

Funders (1)

WPS Publisher

Funder · added in 3.5.1

Package Timeline

33 releases. Pick two to compare their code metrics. R releases are shown for context.

3.6.2Latest
2026-07-20 · current release · diff ↗
3.6.1
2026-07-13 · diff ↗
3.6.0
2026-06-17 · diff ↗
3.5.4
2026-05-15 · diff ↗
3.5.3
2026-05-01 · diff ↗
R
R 4.6.0 released · 2026-04-24
3.5.2
2026-02-26 · diff ↗
3.5.1
2025-10-14 · diff ↗
3.5.0
2025-09-27 · diff ↗
3.4.1
2025-05-11 · diff ↗
R
R 4.5.0 released · 2025-04-11
3.4.0
2024-11-04 · diff ↗
3.3.1
2024-10-16 · diff ↗
3.3.0
2024-08-27 · diff ↗
3.2.0
2024-08-18 · diff ↗
3.1.0
2024-07-19 · diff ↗

Show 26 earlier events

R
R 4.4.0 released · 2024-04-24
3.0.4
2023-10-08 · diff ↗
3.0.3
2023-05-22 · diff ↗
R
R 4.3.0 released · 2023-04-21
3.0.2
2022-06-12 · diff ↗
R
R 4.2.0 released · 2022-04-22
3.0.1
2022-04-11 · diff ↗
3.0.0
2022-03-28 · diff ↗
2.1.0
2021-08-12 · diff ↗
2.0.4
2021-07-24 · diff ↗
R
R 4.1.0 released · 2021-05-18
2.0.3
2021-04-10 · diff ↗
2.0.2
2021-01-31 · diff ↗
2.0.1
2021-01-06 · diff ↗
2.0.0
2020-12-04 · diff ↗
1.2.4
2020-11-16 · diff ↗
1.2.3
2020-06-18 · diff ↗
R
R 4.0.0 released · 2020-04-24
1.2.2
2019-09-19 · diff ↗
1.2.0
2019-07-26 · diff ↗
R
R 3.6.0 released · 2019-04-26
1.1.8
2019-03-15 · diff ↗
1.1.5
2019-02-06 · diff ↗
1.1.2
2018-12-08 · diff ↗
1.0.1
2018-11-14
R
R 3.5.0 released · 2018-04-23

Package metadata

First published: 2018-11-14
Total releases: 33 / 8 yrs
License: AGPL-3 OSI
Minimum R: ≥ 4.0.0
Bundled data: 364 KB / 3 files
Download size: 1.5 MB
Installed size: not tracked yet
With dependencies: not tracked yet

Appears in task views

Psychometric Models and Methods

Cite

Cite this package

Run in R for the authors' preferred citation:

citation("cNORM")

Format

Lenhard, W., Gary, S., Lenhard, A., & Publisher, W. (2026). cNORM: Continuous Norming (Version 3.6.2) [Computer software]. https://doi.org/10.32614/CRAN.package.cNORM

This is what citation() produces when a package has no citation file of its own. If it prints something else, use that.

Cite the R Observatory

For a number measured here: a download total, a coverage figure, an archival date.

Format

APA

Balamuta, J. J. (2026). R Observatory: Metrics for cNORM version 3.6.2 [Data set]. HJJB, LLC. Data release v2026-08-08. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21843040

From data release v2026-08-08, which the citation names so these numbers can be found later. More on citing and the projects behind them.

Report a problem with this page →