HDoutliers

Leland Wilkinson's Algorithm for Detecting Multidimensional Outliers

v1.0.4 · Feb 11, 2022 · MIT + file LICENSE

Description

An implementation of an algorithm for outlier detection that can handle a) data with a mixed categorical and continuous variables, b) many columns of data, c) many rows of data, d) outliers that mask other outliers, and e) both unidimensional and multidimensional datasets. Unlike ad hoc methods found in many machine learning papers, HDoutliers is based on a distributional model that uses probabilities to determine outliers.

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CRAN Check Status

9 ERROR

4 OK

Show all 13 flavors

Flavor	Status	Time
r-devel-linux-x86_64-debian-clang	ERROR	107.6s
r-devel-linux-x86_64-debian-gcc	ERROR	81.1s
r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-clang	ERROR	179.8s
r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-gcc	ERROR	165.2s
r-devel-windows-x86_64	ERROR	112s
r-oldrel-macos-arm64	OK
r-oldrel-macos-x86_64	OK	75s
r-oldrel-windows-x86_64	ERROR	138s
r-patched-linux-x86_64	ERROR	102.1s
r-release-linux-x86_64	ERROR
r-release-macos-arm64	OK	26s
r-release-macos-x86_64	OK	108s
r-release-windows-x86_64	ERROR	114s

Check details (9 non-OK)

ERROR r-devel-linux-x86_64-debian-clang

examples

Running examples in ‘HDoutliers-Ex.R’ failed
The error most likely occurred in:

> base::assign(".ptime", proc.time(), pos = "CheckExEnv")
> ### Name: dataTrans
> ### Title: Data Transformation for Leland Wilkinson's _hdoutliers_
> ###   Algorithm
> ### Aliases: dataTrans
> ### Keywords: cluster
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
>  require(FactoMineR)
>  data(tea)
>  head(tea)
      breakfast     tea.time     evening     lunch     dinner     always home
1     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
2     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
3 Not.breakfast     tea time     evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
4 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
5     breakfast Not.tea time     evening Not.lunch Not.dinner     always home
6 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
      work     tearoom     friends     resto     pub       Tea   How    sugar
1 Not.
...[truncated]...
.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
2 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
3     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
4 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine     sophisticated
5     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
6 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
     slimming    exciting    relaxing    effect.on.health
1 No.slimming No.exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
2 No.slimming    exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
3 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
4 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
5 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
6 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
>  dataTrans(tea[,-1])
Error in res.mca$eig[1:(nlevels(Xact) - 1), , drop = FALSE] : 
  subscript out of bounds
Calls: dataTrans -> sapply -> lapply -> FUN -> MCA
Execution halted

ERROR r-devel-linux-x86_64-debian-gcc

examples

Running examples in ‘HDoutliers-Ex.R’ failed
The error most likely occurred in:

> base::assign(".ptime", proc.time(), pos = "CheckExEnv")
> ### Name: dataTrans
> ### Title: Data Transformation for Leland Wilkinson's _hdoutliers_
> ###   Algorithm
> ### Aliases: dataTrans
> ### Keywords: cluster
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
>  require(FactoMineR)
>  data(tea)
>  head(tea)
      breakfast     tea.time     evening     lunch     dinner     always home
1     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
2     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
3 Not.breakfast     tea time     evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
4 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
5     breakfast Not.tea time     evening Not.lunch Not.dinner     always home
6 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
      work     tearoom     friends     resto     pub       Tea   How    sugar
1 Not.
...[truncated]...
.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
2 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
3     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
4 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine     sophisticated
5     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
6 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
     slimming    exciting    relaxing    effect.on.health
1 No.slimming No.exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
2 No.slimming    exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
3 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
4 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
5 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
6 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
>  dataTrans(tea[,-1])
Error in res.mca$eig[1:(nlevels(Xact) - 1), , drop = FALSE] : 
  subscript out of bounds
Calls: dataTrans -> sapply -> lapply -> FUN -> MCA
Execution halted

ERROR r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-clang

examples

Running examples in ‘HDoutliers-Ex.R’ failed
The error most likely occurred in:

> ### Name: dataTrans
> ### Title: Data Transformation for Leland Wilkinson's _hdoutliers_
> ###   Algorithm
> ### Aliases: dataTrans
> ### Keywords: cluster
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
>  require(FactoMineR)
>  data(tea)
>  head(tea)
      breakfast     tea.time     evening     lunch     dinner     always home
1     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
2     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
3 Not.breakfast     tea time     evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
4 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
5     breakfast Not.tea time     evening Not.lunch Not.dinner     always home
6 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
      work     tearoom     friends     resto     pub       Tea   How    sugar
1 Not.work Not.tearoom Not.friends Not.resto Not.pub     black a
...[truncated]...
.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
2 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
3     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
4 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine     sophisticated
5     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
6 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
     slimming    exciting    relaxing    effect.on.health
1 No.slimming No.exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
2 No.slimming    exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
3 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
4 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
5 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
6 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
>  dataTrans(tea[,-1])
Error in res.mca$eig[1:(nlevels(Xact) - 1), , drop = FALSE] : 
  subscript out of bounds
Calls: dataTrans -> sapply -> lapply -> FUN -> MCA
Execution halted

ERROR r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-gcc

examples

Running examples in ‘HDoutliers-Ex.R’ failed
The error most likely occurred in:

> ### Name: dataTrans
> ### Title: Data Transformation for Leland Wilkinson's _hdoutliers_
> ###   Algorithm
> ### Aliases: dataTrans
> ### Keywords: cluster
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
>  require(FactoMineR)
>  data(tea)
>  head(tea)
      breakfast     tea.time     evening     lunch     dinner     always home
1     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
2     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
3 Not.breakfast     tea time     evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
4 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
5     breakfast Not.tea time     evening Not.lunch Not.dinner     always home
6 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
      work     tearoom     friends     resto     pub       Tea   How    sugar
1 Not.work Not.tearoom Not.friends Not.resto Not.pub     black a
...[truncated]...
.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
2 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
3     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
4 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine     sophisticated
5     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
6 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
     slimming    exciting    relaxing    effect.on.health
1 No.slimming No.exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
2 No.slimming    exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
3 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
4 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
5 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
6 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
>  dataTrans(tea[,-1])
Error in res.mca$eig[1:(nlevels(Xact) - 1), , drop = FALSE] : 
  subscript out of bounds
Calls: dataTrans -> sapply -> lapply -> FUN -> MCA
Execution halted

ERROR r-devel-windows-x86_64

examples

Running examples in 'HDoutliers-Ex.R' failed
The error most likely occurred in:

> ### Name: dataTrans
> ### Title: Data Transformation for Leland Wilkinson's _hdoutliers_
> ###   Algorithm
> ### Aliases: dataTrans
> ### Keywords: cluster
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
>  require(FactoMineR)
>  data(tea)
>  head(tea)
      breakfast     tea.time     evening     lunch     dinner     always home
1     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
2     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
3 Not.breakfast     tea time     evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
4 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
5     breakfast Not.tea time     evening Not.lunch Not.dinner     always home
6 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
      work     tearoom     friends     resto     pub       Tea   How    sugar
1 Not.work Not.tearoom Not.friends Not.resto Not.pub     black a
...[truncated]...
.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
2 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
3     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
4 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine     sophisticated
5     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
6 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
     slimming    exciting    relaxing    effect.on.health
1 No.slimming No.exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
2 No.slimming    exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
3 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
4 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
5 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
6 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
>  dataTrans(tea[,-1])
Error in res.mca$eig[1:(nlevels(Xact) - 1), , drop = FALSE] : 
  subscript out of bounds
Calls: dataTrans -> sapply -> lapply -> FUN -> MCA
Execution halted

ERROR r-oldrel-windows-x86_64

examples

Running examples in 'HDoutliers-Ex.R' failed
The error most likely occurred in:

> ### Name: dataTrans
> ### Title: Data Transformation for Leland Wilkinson's _hdoutliers_
> ###   Algorithm
> ### Aliases: dataTrans
> ### Keywords: cluster
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
>  require(FactoMineR)
>  data(tea)
>  head(tea)
      breakfast     tea.time     evening     lunch     dinner     always home
1     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
2     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
3 Not.breakfast     tea time     evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
4 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
5     breakfast Not.tea time     evening Not.lunch Not.dinner     always home
6 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
      work     tearoom     friends     resto     pub       Tea   How    sugar
1 Not.work Not.tearoom Not.friends Not.resto Not.pub     black a
...[truncated]...
.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
2 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
3     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
4 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine     sophisticated
5     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
6 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
     slimming    exciting    relaxing    effect.on.health
1 No.slimming No.exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
2 No.slimming    exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
3 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
4 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
5 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
6 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
>  dataTrans(tea[,-1])
Error in res.mca$eig[1:(nlevels(Xact) - 1), , drop = FALSE] : 
  subscript out of bounds
Calls: dataTrans -> sapply -> lapply -> FUN -> MCA
Execution halted

ERROR r-patched-linux-x86_64

examples

Running examples in ‘HDoutliers-Ex.R’ failed
The error most likely occurred in:

> base::assign(".ptime", proc.time(), pos = "CheckExEnv")
> ### Name: dataTrans
> ### Title: Data Transformation for Leland Wilkinson's _hdoutliers_
> ###   Algorithm
> ### Aliases: dataTrans
> ### Keywords: cluster
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
>  require(FactoMineR)
>  data(tea)
>  head(tea)
      breakfast     tea.time     evening     lunch     dinner     always home
1     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
2     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
3 Not.breakfast     tea time     evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
4 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
5     breakfast Not.tea time     evening Not.lunch Not.dinner     always home
6 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
      work     tearoom     friends     resto     pub       Tea   How    sugar
1 Not.
...[truncated]...
.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
2 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
3     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
4 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine     sophisticated
5     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
6 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
     slimming    exciting    relaxing    effect.on.health
1 No.slimming No.exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
2 No.slimming    exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
3 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
4 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
5 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
6 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
>  dataTrans(tea[,-1])
Error in res.mca$eig[1:(nlevels(Xact) - 1), , drop = FALSE] : 
  subscript out of bounds
Calls: dataTrans -> sapply -> lapply -> FUN -> MCA
Execution halted

ERROR r-release-linux-x86_64

examples

Running examples in ‘HDoutliers-Ex.R’ failed
The error most likely occurred in:

> base::assign(".ptime", proc.time(), pos = "CheckExEnv")
> ### Name: dataTrans
> ### Title: Data Transformation for Leland Wilkinson's _hdoutliers_
> ###   Algorithm
> ### Aliases: dataTrans
> ### Keywords: cluster
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
>  require(FactoMineR)
>  data(tea)
>  head(tea)
      breakfast     tea.time     evening     lunch     dinner     always home
1     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
2     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
3 Not.breakfast     tea time     evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
4 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
5     breakfast Not.tea time     evening Not.lunch Not.dinner     always home
6 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
      work     tearoom     friends     resto     pub       Tea   How    sugar
1 Not.
...[truncated]...
.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
2 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
3     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
4 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine     sophisticated
5     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
6 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
     slimming    exciting    relaxing    effect.on.health
1 No.slimming No.exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
2 No.slimming    exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
3 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
4 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
5 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
6 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
>  dataTrans(tea[,-1])
Error in res.mca$eig[1:(nlevels(Xact) - 1), , drop = FALSE] : 
  subscript out of bounds
Calls: dataTrans -> sapply -> lapply -> FUN -> MCA
Execution halted

ERROR r-release-windows-x86_64

examples

Running examples in 'HDoutliers-Ex.R' failed
The error most likely occurred in:

> ### Name: dataTrans
> ### Title: Data Transformation for Leland Wilkinson's _hdoutliers_
> ###   Algorithm
> ### Aliases: dataTrans
> ### Keywords: cluster
> 
> ### ** Examples
> 
>  require(FactoMineR)
>  data(tea)
>  head(tea)
      breakfast     tea.time     evening     lunch     dinner     always home
1     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
2     breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch Not.dinner Not.always home
3 Not.breakfast     tea time     evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
4 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
5     breakfast Not.tea time     evening Not.lunch Not.dinner     always home
6 Not.breakfast Not.tea time Not.evening Not.lunch     dinner Not.always home
      work     tearoom     friends     resto     pub       Tea   How    sugar
1 Not.work Not.tearoom Not.friends Not.resto Not.pub     black a
...[truncated]...
.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
2 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
3     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
4 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine     sophisticated
5     friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
6 Not.friendliness Not.iron absorption Not.feminine Not.sophisticated
     slimming    exciting    relaxing    effect.on.health
1 No.slimming No.exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
2 No.slimming    exciting No.relaxing No.effect on health
3 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
4 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
5 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
6 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
>  dataTrans(tea[,-1])
Error in res.mca$eig[1:(nlevels(Xact) - 1), , drop = FALSE] : 
  subscript out of bounds
Calls: dataTrans -> sapply -> lapply -> FUN -> MCA
Execution halted

Check History

ERROR 11 OK · 0 NOTE · 0 WARNING · 2 ERROR · 0 FAILURE Jun 12, 2026

ERROR r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-clang

examples

Running examples in ‘HDoutliers-Ex.R’ failed
The error most likely occurred in:

> ### Name: dataTrans
> ### Title: Data Transformation for Leland Wilkinson's _hdoutliers_
> ###   Algorithm
> ### Aliases: dataTrans
> ### Keywords: cluster
> 
> ### **
...[truncated]...
ct on health
6 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
>  dataTrans(tea[,-1])
Error in res.mca$eig[1:(nlevels(Xact) - 1), , drop = FALSE] : 
  subscript out of bounds
Calls: dataTrans -> sapply -> lapply -> FUN -> MCA
Execution halted

ERROR r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-gcc

examples

Running examples in ‘HDoutliers-Ex.R’ failed
The error most likely occurred in:

> ### Name: dataTrans
> ### Title: Data Transformation for Leland Wilkinson's _hdoutliers_
> ###   Algorithm
> ### Aliases: dataTrans
> ### Keywords: cluster
> 
> ### **
...[truncated]...
ct on health
6 No.slimming No.exciting    relaxing No.effect on health
>  dataTrans(tea[,-1])
Error in res.mca$eig[1:(nlevels(Xact) - 1), , drop = FALSE] : 
  subscript out of bounds
Calls: dataTrans -> sapply -> lapply -> FUN -> MCA
Execution halted

OK 13 OK · 0 NOTE · 0 WARNING · 0 ERROR · 0 FAILURE Jun 9, 2026

ERROR 12 OK · 0 NOTE · 0 WARNING · 1 ERROR · 0 FAILURE Jun 8, 2026

ERROR r-devel-linux-x86_64-debian-gcc

package dependencies

Package required but not available: ‘FactoMineR’

See section ‘The DESCRIPTION file’ in the ‘Writing R Extensions’
manual.

OK 14 OK · 0 NOTE · 0 WARNING · 0 ERROR · 0 FAILURE Mar 10, 2026

Reverse Dependencies (1)

imports

OutliersO3

Dependency Network

Version History

13 tracked

new 1.0.4 Mar 10, 2026

updated 1.0.4 ← 1.0.3 diff Feb 10, 2022

updated 1.0.3 ← 1.0.2 diff Sep 28, 2020

updated 1.0.2 ← 1.0.1 diff Jul 9, 2020

updated 1.0.1 ← 1.0 diff Mar 31, 2020

updated 1.0 ← 0.15 diff Feb 10, 2018

updated 0.15 ← 0.14 diff Dec 23, 2016

updated 0.14 ← 0.12 diff Nov 27, 2016

updated 0.12 ← 0.9 diff Nov 16, 2016

updated 0.9 ← 0.8 diff Oct 31, 2016

updated 0.8 ← 0.5 diff Sep 8, 2016

updated 0.5 ← 0.2 diff Jul 17, 2016

new 0.2 Jun 22, 2016