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productivity

Indices of Productivity Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)

v1.1.0 · Mar 28, 2018 · GPL-3

Description

Levels and changes of productivity and profitability are measured with various indices. The package contains the multiplicatively complete Färe-Primont, Fisher, Hicks-Moorsteen, Laspeyres, Lowe, and Paasche indices, as well as the classic Malmquist productivity index. Färe-Primont and Lowe indices verify the transitivity property and can therefore be used for multilateral or multitemporal comparison. Fisher, Hicks-Moorsteen, Laspeyres, Malmquist, and Paasche indices are not transitive and are only to be used for binary comparison. All indices can also be decomposed into different components, providing insightful information on the sources of productivity and profitability changes. In the use of Malmquist productivity index, the technological change index can be further decomposed into bias technological change components. The package also allows to prohibit technological regression (negative technological change). In the case of the Fisher, Hicks-Moorsteen, Laspeyres, Paasche and the transitive Färe-Primont and Lowe indices, it is furthermore possible to rule out technological change. Deflated shadow prices can also be obtained. Besides, the package allows parallel computing as an option, depending on the user's computer configuration. All computations are carried out with the nonparametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), and several assumptions regarding returns to scale are available. All DEA linear programs are implemented using 'lp_solve'.

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r-devel-linux-x86_64-debian-clang NOTE
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r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-clang NOTE
r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-gcc NOTE
r-devel-macos-arm64 NOTE
r-devel-windows-x86_64 NOTE
r-oldrel-macos-arm64 NOTE
r-oldrel-macos-x86_64 NOTE
r-oldrel-windows-x86_64 NOTE
r-patched-linux-x86_64 NOTE
r-release-linux-x86_64 NOTE
r-release-macos-arm64 NOTE
r-release-macos-x86_64 NOTE
r-release-windows-x86_64 NOTE
Check details (16 non-OK)
NOTE r-devel-linux-x86_64-debian-clang

CRAN incoming feasibility

Maintainer: ‘Yann Desjeux <yann.desjeux@inra.fr>’

Package CITATION file contains call(s) to old-style personList() or
as.personList().  Please use c() on person objects instead.

Found the following URLs which should use \doi (with the DOI name only):
  File ‘fareprim.Rd’:
    https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aas023
  File ‘fisher.Rd’:
    https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00158354
  File ‘hicksmoorsteen.Rd’:
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9957.2010.02169.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8489.2010.00512.x
  File ‘lowe.Rd’:
    https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aas023
  File ‘usagri.Rd’:
    https://doi.org/10.2307/1244458
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0002-9092.2004.00683.x
NOTE r-devel-linux-x86_64-debian-clang

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-devel-linux-x86_64-debian-gcc

CRAN incoming feasibility

Maintainer: ‘Yann Desjeux <yann.desjeux@inra.fr>’

Package CITATION file contains call(s) to old-style personList() or
as.personList().  Please use c() on person objects instead.

Found the following URLs which should use \doi (with the DOI name only):
  File ‘fareprim.Rd’:
    https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aas023
  File ‘fisher.Rd’:
    https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00158354
  File ‘hicksmoorsteen.Rd’:
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9957.2010.02169.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8489.2010.00512.x
  File ‘lowe.Rd’:
    https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aas023
  File ‘usagri.Rd’:
    https://doi.org/10.2307/1244458
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0002-9092.2004.00683.x
NOTE r-devel-linux-x86_64-debian-gcc

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-clang

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-gcc

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-devel-macos-arm64

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-devel-windows-x86_64

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-oldrel-macos-arm64

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-oldrel-macos-x86_64

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checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-oldrel-windows-x86_64

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checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-patched-linux-x86_64

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-release-linux-x86_64

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-release-macos-arm64

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checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-release-macos-x86_64

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checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-release-windows-x86_64

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^

Check History

NOTE 0 OK · 14 NOTE · 0 WARNING · 0 ERROR · 0 FAILURE Mar 9, 2026
NOTE r-devel-linux-x86_64-debian-clang

CRAN incoming feasibility

Maintainer: ‘Yann Desjeux <yann.desjeux@inra.fr>’

Package CITATION file contains call(s) to old-style personList() or
as.personList().  Please use c() on person objects instead.

Found the following URLs which should use \doi (with the DOI name only):
  File ‘fareprim.Rd’:
    https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aas023
  File ‘fisher.Rd’:
    https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00158354
  File ‘hicksmoorsteen.Rd’:
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9957.2010.02169.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8489.2010.
NOTE r-devel-linux-x86_64-debian-gcc

CRAN incoming feasibility

Maintainer: ‘Yann Desjeux <yann.desjeux@inra.fr>’

Package CITATION file contains call(s) to old-style personList() or
as.personList().  Please use c() on person objects instead.

Found the following URLs which should use \doi (with the DOI name only):
  File ‘fareprim.Rd’:
    https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aas023
  File ‘fisher.Rd’:
    https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00158354
  File ‘hicksmoorsteen.Rd’:
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9957.2010.02169.x
    https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8489.2010.
NOTE r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-clang

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-devel-linux-x86_64-fedora-gcc

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-devel-macos-arm64

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-devel-windows-x86_64

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-patched-linux-x86_64

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-release-linux-x86_64

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-release-macos-arm64

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-release-macos-x86_64

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-release-windows-x86_64

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-oldrel-macos-arm64

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-oldrel-macos-x86_64

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^
NOTE r-oldrel-windows-x86_64

Rd files

checkRd: (-1) paasche.Rd:91: Lost braces
    91 |     \code{OSME} \tab Output-oriented scale-mix efficiency score \emph{(code{orientation = "out"})}\cr
       |                                                                            ^

Dependency Network

Dependencies Reverse dependencies lpSolveAPI doParallel foreach iterators productivity

Version History

new 1.1.0 Mar 9, 2026